مقایسه‌ی اثربخشی گروه‌درمانی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و گروه‌درمانی شناختی-رفتاری بر نارضایتی از تصویر بدنی و حساسیت بین فردی زنان دارای نارضایتی از تصویر بدنی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

2 شاهد

3 دانشگاه آزاد واحد رامسر

چکیده

هدف: مقایسه اثربخشی گروه‌درمانی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و گروه‌درمانی شناختی- رفتاری بر نارضایتی از تصویر بدنی و حساسیت بین فردی زنان دارای نارضایتی از تصویر بدنی بود.
روش: پژوهش از نوع آزمایشی و طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون با دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل همراه با پیگیری 3 ماهه بود. جامعه آماری شامل زنان مراجعه‌کننده‌ی 23-38 ساله‌ی دارای نارضایتی از تصویر بدنی در سال 95-1396 به مراکز سلامت شهرداری تهران بود. از طریق نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای بر اساس پهنه‌بندی شهرداری تهران پنج منطقه انتخاب و از هر منطقه چهارخانه سلامت به‌تصادف انتخاب شد، بدین طریق 453 نفر از مجموع 20 خانه‌ی سلامت حجم نمونه را تشکیل دادند، که با توجه به نمرات برش در پرسشنامه‌ها، ملاک‌های ورود و خروج، درنهایت تعداد 45 زن انتخاب و به‌طور تصادفی در سه گروه جایگزین شدند. ابزارهای پژوهش عبارت از پرسشنامه‌های خرده مقیاس حساسیت بین فردی (SCL-90R)،(Dragutes and others1984 )، روابط چندبعدی بدن-خود، (Cash, 1997) بود. گروه‌های آزمایشی 12 جلسه، 90 دقیقه‌ای(هفته‌ای یک جلسه) تحت گروه‌درمانی شناختی رفتاری و گروه‌درمانی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد قرار گرفتند.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های تجزیه‌وتحلیل واریانس آمیخته و آزمون تعقیبی بنفرونی نشان داد الف) گروه‌درمانی شناختی- رفتاری و گروه‌درمانی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد به‌طور مشابه سبب بهبود رضایت از تصویر بدن گردیدند ب) گروه‌درمانی شناختی- رفتاری به‌طور معناداری سبب کاهش حساسیت بین فردی در پس‌آزمون شد اما این تأثیر در پیگیری سه‌ماهه پایدار نماند. لذا این روش‌های مداخله در بهبود مشکلات روان‌شناختی این گروه از افراد مؤثر می باشد.

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