اثربخشی بخشش‌درمانی بر بهزیستی روانی مادران بدرفتاری شده در دوران کودکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره خانواده، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی مشاوره و تربیتی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثربخشی بخشش درمانی بر بهزیستی روانی مادران بدرفتاری شده در دوران کودکی بود.
روش:  پژوهش حاضر، نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون پس آزمون با گروه لیست انتظار بود. جامعه آماری شامل  مادران مراجعه‌کننده به مرکز مشاوره دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سه ماهه دوم سال ۹۸ بود که در دوران کودکی مورد سوء رفتار قرار گرفته بودند. تعداد 30 نفر از این مادران به روش در دسترس انتخاب و به تصادف، در دو گروه آزمایش(15 نفر) و لیست انتظار(15 نفر) گمارده شدند.آزمودنی‌های گروه آزمایش 12 جلسه یک ساعته تحت بخشش درمانی قرار گرفتند و گروه لیست انتظار هیچ گونه درمانی دریافت نکردند. داده‌ها با پرسشنامه بهزیستی روانشناختی ریف جمع‌آوری شدند و جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار  SPSS و روش تحلیل کوواریانس انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد بخشش درمانی بر بهزیستی روانی تاثیر مثبت معنی‌داری داشته است. همچنین این درمان به افزایش خودمختاری،تسلط بر محیط، رشد شخصی، روابط مثبت با دیگری، هدف گزینی در زندگی و پذیرش خود منجر می‌شود. در نتیجه بخشش درمانی، بهبود بهزیستی روانشناختی مادران بد رفتاری شده در گستره زندگی را در پی دارد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


Akhtar, S., & Barlow, J. (2018). Forgiveness therapy for the promotion of mental well-being: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 19(1), 107-122. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838016637079
Al-Mubak, R., Enright, R., & Cardis, P. (1995). Forgiveness education with parentally love-deprived college students. Journal of Moral Education, 14. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305724950240405
Aliverdinia, A., Hasani, M., & Ebrahimi, E. (2014). Family Factors of Child Abuse [orginal]. Social Welfare, 13(50), 71-110. http://refahj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1355-fa.html
Badr, H. E., Naser, J., Al-Zaabi, A., Al-Saeedi, A., Al-Munefi, K., Al-Houli, S., & Al-Rashidi, D. (2018). Childhood maltreatment: A predictor of mental health problems among adolescents and young adults. Child abuse & neglect, 80, 161-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.03.011
Bayani, A., & Goudarzi, H. (2008). Koocha i Ashour M. The relationship between psychological wellbeing and general health in students of Islamic Azad University, Behshahr Branch. Knowledge and research in Psychology, 35, 153-164.
Bayani, A. A., Mohammad Koochekya, A., & Bayani, A. (2008). Reliability and validity of Ryff’s psychological well-being scales. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 14(2), 146-151.
Cecero, J. J., Nelson, J. D., & Gillie, J. M. (2004). Tools and tenets of schema therapy: toward the construct validity of the early maladaptive schema questionnaire–research version (EMSQ‐R). Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy: An International Journal of Theory & Practice, 11(5), 344-357. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.401
Christoffersen, M. N., Poulsen, H. D., & Nielsen, A. (2003). Attempted suicide among young people: risk factors in a prospective register based study of Danish children born in 1966. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 108(5), 350-358. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.00165.x
Enright, R. D., & Fitzgibbons, R. (2015). Forgiveness therapy. Washington, DC.
Fitzhenry, M., Harte, E., Carr, A., Keenleyside, M., O’Hanrahan, K., White, M. D., Hayes, J., Cahill, P., Noonan, H., & O'Shea, H. (2015). Child maltreatment and adult psychopathology in an Irish context. Child abuse & neglect, 45, 101-107. https://doi.org/10.1037/e505422006-001
Galla, B. M., & Duckworth, A. L. (2015). More than resisting temptation: Beneficial habits mediate the relationship between self-control and positive life outcomes. Journal of personality and social psychology, 109(3), 508.
Garcia, D., & Moradi, S. (2013). The affective temperaments and well-being: Swedish and Iranian adolescents’ life satisfaction and psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14, 689-707. https://doi.org/10.1037/e537902012-026
Ghobari Bonab Baqer, K. M., Vahdat Torbati Shadi. (2009). Investigating the relationship between forgiveness and forgiveness and mental health in medical students. Psychology and Educational Sciences, 38(2), 167-180.
Gong, J., & Chan, R. C. (2018). Early maladaptive schemas as mediators between childhood maltreatment and later psychological distress among Chinese college students. Psychiatry Research, 259, 493-500.
Gyanesh Kumar Tiwari, P. K. R. (2020). Forgiveness and Mental Health Intervention, Life Goal, Spirituality and Health New Delhi, India.
Huang, S.-T. T., & Enright, R. D. (2000). Forgiveness and anger-related emotions in Taiwan: Implications for therapy. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 37(1), 71.
Kachadourian, L. K., Fincham, F., & Davila, J. (2004). The tendency to forgive in dating and married couples: The role of attachment and relationship satisfaction. Personal Relationships, 11(3), 373-393. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2004.00088.x
Keyes, C. L., Shmotkin, D., & Ryff, C. D. (2002). Optimizing well-being: the empirical encounter of two traditions. Journal of personality and social psychology, 82(6), 1007. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.1007
Khanjari, P., and Modbar, M., and Rahmati, M., and Haqqani, H. . (2017). The effect of sexual abuse prevention education program on the knowledge, attitude and practice of parents of school-age children. Iranian Journal of Nursing, 29 (104), 17-27.
Kheiri, Y., and Hosseini Fard, H., and Nasiri, F. (2018). Spiritual health in patients with gastrointestinal cancers and its relationship with general health. Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, 27 (10), 2027-2035.
Kiani, F. K., Mohammadreza. (2013). Investigating the role of forgiveness in health and psychological well-being of students. hsr, 9 (10) 1050-1061.
Lavaf Pournuri, F., and Zahrakar, K., and Sanaei Zakir, b. (2012). Evaluation of the effectiveness of group forgiveness therapy in reducing aggression in aggressive adolescents aged 11 to 13 years in Dezful. Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, 20(4), 489-500.
Lin, W.-F., Mack, D., Enright, R. D., Krahn, D., & Baskin, T. W. (2004). Effects of forgiveness therapy on anger, mood, and vulnerability to substance use among inpatient substance-dependent clients. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 72(6), 1114. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.72.6.1114
Michaelson, C. (2014). Psychological Perspectives on Forgiveness: From Freud to New Thought. In Webbing Vicissitudes of Forgiveness (pp. 143-158). Brill.
Murray, R. J. (2002). Forgiveness as a therapeutic option. The Family Journal, 10(3), 315-321.
Newbury, J. B., Arseneault, L., Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Danese, A., Baldwin, J. R., & Fisher, H. L. (2018). Measuring childhood maltreatment to predict early-adult psychopathology: Comparison of prospective informant-reports and retrospective self-reports. Journal of psychiatric research, 96, 57-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.09.020
Parsafar, S., Namdari, K., Hashemi, S. E., & Mehrabi, H. A. (2005). The relationship between religious commitment, unforgiveness and forgiveness styles with the mental health. Counseling Culture and Psychotherapy, 6(23), 139-162.
Reed, G. L., & Enright, R. D. (2006). The effects of forgiveness therapy on depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress for women after spousal emotional abuse. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 74(5), 920.
Rostami, M., Saadati, N., Ghezelseflo, M. (2015). The relationship between childhood abuse experience and primary stress confronting methods and maladaptive schemas. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health, 17(6), 269-277.
Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. (1998). The contours of positive human health. Psychological inquiry, 9(1), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0901_1
Shirinkar, Z., Namdari, K., Jamilian, H., Abedi, A. (2016). Effect of Forgiveness Group Therapy on the Symptoms of Depression and Rumination of Dysthymic Women. Clinical Psychology Studies, 6(22), 1-20.
CAPTCHA Image