The Role of Early Maladaptive Schemas (Emotional Deprivation, Abandonment/Instability, and Mistrust/Abuse) in Marital Commitment: The Mediating Role of Gender Roles

Document Type : پژوهشی

Authors

• Kobra Ghasemi, ¹
• Tahereh Elahi ²
• Majid Yousefi Afrashteh ²

¹ Graduated M.A, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

² َAssociate Professor, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

10.22067/tpccp.2022.75842.1266

Abstract

Purpose: This study was conducted with the aim of examining the structural equation model of predicting marital commitment based on the early maladaptive schemas of emotional deprivation, abandonment/instability, and mistrust/abuse mediated by the gender roles.
Method: The present research was a correlational study using the path analysis method. A total of 300 married employees (132 females and 168 males) were selected by the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the Dimensions of Commitment Inventory (DCI), Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (SQ-SF), and Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI). The path analysis analysis was conducted to examine the proposed model using LISREL software.
Findings: The results indicated that the hypothesized model had a good fit with the observed data. The findings showed that emotional deprivation schema is negativly correlated with marital commitment. Moreover, the gender roles of masculinity and femininity are positivly correlated with marital commitment. The path analysis showed that the relation between emotional deprivation schema and marital commitment is mediated by both gender roles. In addiction, the relations between abandonment/instability and mistrust/abuse schemas and marital commitment are mediated by the gender role of masculinity. According to the findings of this research, designing interventions aimed at increasing people's awareness of their maladaptive schemas and modifing them in counseling and psychotherapy processes can be helpful in solving couples' problems

Keywords

• Early maladaptive schemas
• marital commitment
• gender roles

20.1001.1.22516352.1401.12.1.1.6

Main Subjects

• Clinical psychology

---

References

Abbasi, H. (2009). The effectiveness reality therapy on marital commitment. MA. Dissertation, Tehran University. (In Persian).

Adams, J. M., & Jones, W. H. (1997). The conceptualization of marital commitment: An integrative analysis. Journal of personality and social psychology, 72(5), 1177.

Ahi, G. (2006). Standardization of the Young Schema Questionnaire short version. master's Desertation in Educational Psychology: Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran. (In Persian).

Aliakbari, M., Mohtashmi, T., & Hasanzadeh, P. (2013). The study of psychometric characteristics in short form Bems Sex-Role Inventory with emphasis on factor analysis in Iranian population. Social Cognition, 1(1), 44-58. (In Persian).

Amani, A., Eisanejad, O., & Azizi, A. (2015). Study of the Structural Relations of Early Maladaptive Schemas, Personality Factors and Marital Adjustment. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches, 10(37), 45-70. (In Persian).

Arianfar, N., & Arianfar, N. (2017). Structural Equation Modeling of the predicting marital conflict on the basis of initial maladaptive schemas of the cuts and rejection areas and the mediatory variable of the lovemaking styles. Counseling Culture and Psycotherapy, 8(29), 107-134.  (In Persian).

Arianfar, N., & Rasouli, R. (2019). Design the online shopping model for women Structural Equation Modeling of the Predicting Marital Satisfaction on The Health of The Main Family and The Mediatory Variable of Lovemaking Styles. Journal of Woman and Family Studies, 7(1), 139-157. (In Persian).

Arriaga, X. B., & Agnew, C. R. (2001). Being committed: Affective, cognitive, and conative components of relationship commitment. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 27(9), 1190-1203.

Aslani, K., Samadifard, A., & Sodani, M. (2015). The Test of the Model of Disconnection and Rejection Domain of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Marital Satisfaction with Mediating Unsecure Attachment Style, and Depression. Family Counseling and Psychotherapy, 5(1), 94-114. (In Persian).

Basile, B., Tenore, K., & Mancini, F. (2019). Early maladaptive schemas in overweight and obesity: A schema mode model. Heliyon, 5(9), e02361.

Bem, S. L. (1981). Bem Sex-Role Inventory: Professional manual. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press.

Besharat, M., Khalili Khezrabadi, M., & Rezazadeh, S. (2021). The mediating role of difficulty of emotion regulation in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and marital problems. Journal of Family Psychology, 3(2), 27-44. (In Persian).

Calvete, E., Orue, I., & Hankin, B. L. (2015). A longitudinal test of the vulnerability-stress model with early maladaptive schemas for depressive and social anxiety symptoms in adolescents. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 37(1), 85-99.

Daciana, D., & Rusu Alina, S. (2012). Relationship between early maladaptive schemas, couple satisfaction and individual mate value: an evolutionary psychological approach. Journal of Cognitive and Behavioral Psychotherapies, 12(1), 63-76.

Damiano, S. R., Reece, J., Reid, S., Atkins, L., & Patton, G. (2015). Maladaptive schemas in adolescent females with anorexia nervosa and implications for treatment. Eating behaviors, 16, 64-71.

Dew, J., & Jackson, M. (2018). Commitment and relationship maintenance behaviors as marital protective factors during economic pressure. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 39(2), 191-204.

Dumitrescu, A., & Jiang, M. (2008). Sweeping Points Approximation, Randomization and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (pp. 63-76): Springer.

Ellen Byrd, S. (2009). The social construction of marital commitment. Journal of Marriage and Family, 71(2), 318-336.

Goodfriend, W., & Agnew, C. R. (2008). Sunken costs and desired plans: Examining different types of investments in close relationships. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 34(12), 1639-1652.

Hadi, S., Eskandari, H., Sohrabi, F., Motamedi, A., & Farrokhi, N. A. (2017). Structural models predict marital commitment based on attachment styles and mediator variables self-control and early maladaptive schemas(in people with emotional extramarital relations). Counseling Culture and Psycotherapy, 7(28), 33-60. (In Persian)

John, N. A., Seme, A., Roro, M. A., & Tsui, A. O. (2017). Understanding the meaning of marital relationship quality among couples in peri-urban Ethiopia. Culture, health & sexuality, 19(2), 267-278.

Khajouei Nia, M., Ghiasi, M., Izadi, S., & Sarami Forooshani, G. (2014). Study early maladaptive schemas as predictors of marital dissatisfaction in India and Iran-Role of conditional schemas as a mediator and moderator. Applied Environmental and Biological sciences, 5(11), 590-597. (In Persian).

Langis, J., Sabourin, S., Lussier, Y., & Mathieu, M. (1994). Masculinity, femininity, and marital satisfaction: An examination of theoretical models. Journal of Personality, 62(3), 393-414.

Maaref, M., Khalili, S., Hejazi, E., & Lavasani, M. G. (2015). The relationship between identity style, gender role and marital satisfaction in married couples. Journal of Psychology, 18(4 (72), 365-380..

Matud, M. P., Bethencourt, J. M., & Ibáñez, I. (2014). Relevance of gender roles in life satisfaction in adult people. Personality and Individual Differences, 70, 206-211.

Mickelson, K. D., Claffey, S. T., & Williams, S. L. (2006). The moderating role of gender and gender role attitudes on the link between spousal support and marital quality. Sex Roles, 55(1), 73-82.

Mohammadi, B., & Soleymani, A. (2017). Early maladaptive schemas and marital satisfaction as predictors of marital commitment. International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 11(1), 16-22. (In Persian).

Montesi, J. L., Fauber, R. L., Gordon, E. A., & Heimberg, R. G. (2011). The specific importance of communicating about sex to couples’ sexual and overall relationship satisfaction. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 28(5), 591-609.

Nelson, J. A., Kirk, A. M., Ane, P., & Serres, S. A. (2011). Religious and spiritual values and moral commitment in marriage: Untapped resources in couples counseling? Counseling and Values, 55(2), 228-246.

Parsafar, S., Akrami, N., & Ghasemi Nejad, J. A. (2014). Mediating the role of attachment styles in predicting the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and marital satisfaction. International Journl of Psychology, 8 (2), 93-109. (In Persian).

Seyfizadeh, H., Zareei Mahmodabadi, H., & Bakhshayesh, A. (2019). The reletionship between early maladaptive schemas and marital adjustment with mediation fear of intimacy in married people. Journal of Family Research, 15(4), 467-486. (In Persian).

Shirvani, M. Y., & Peyvastegar, M. (2011). The relationship between life satisfaction and early maladaptive schemas in university students. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 12(2), 55-65. (In Persian).

Shokri, O., Moradi, A., Daneshpour, Z., & Tarkhan, R. (2008). The role of gender diferences in coping styles and mental health. Contemporary Psychlogy, 3(1), 51-61. (In Persian).

Tang, C.-Y., & Curran, M. A. (2013). Marital commitment and perceptions of fairness in household chores. Journal of Family Issues, 34(12), 1598-1622.

Topuz, C., & Yıldızbaş, F. (2014). The examination of graduate students’ gender roles in relation with demographics. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 159, 565-569.

Vannier, S. A., & O’Sullivan, L. F. (2018). Great expectations: Examining unmet romantic expectations and dating relationship outcomes using an investment model framework. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 35(8), 1045-1066.

Welch, B., & Johnson, C. (2003). Utah marriage movement statewide baseline survey: Technical report and results (Bureau for Social Research, Oklahoma State University). Stillwater, ok: Bureau for social research.

Yousefi, N., Etemadi, A., Bahrami, F., Ahmadi, A., & Fatehi-Zadeh, M. (2010). Comparing of early maladaptive schemas among divorced and non-divorced couples as predictors of divorce. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 16(1), 21-33. (In Persian).

Zeyneloğlu, S., & Terzioğlu, F.  (2011). Development and psychometric properties gender roles attitude scale. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 40(40), 409-420.